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lüll Cardiac syndrome X Soares-Costa JT; Soares Costa Teresa JJRev Port Cardiol 2006[Oct]; 25 (10): 933-42This article describes: 1) situations that can cause angina pectoris in the absence of formal atherosclerotic obstructive lesions: a) those that cause non-atherosclerotic coronary obstructions and b) those with normal coronary angiography, among them cardiac syndrome X (CSX); 2) the various definitions of CSX, particularly the definition of true CSX by Bertrand et al.: effort anginal pain plus positive exercise test, plus a second demonstration of myocardial ischemia (e.g. abnormal myocardial scintigraphy), plus normal coronary angiography; 3) the different pathogenic mechanisms that have been proposed for CSX, which suggest that the problem is mainly at the microvascular level; 4) the excellent survival prognosis of CSX; 5) the lack of any standard therapeutic protocol.|*Microvascular Angina/diagnosis/drug therapy/physiopathology[MESH]|Humans[MESH] |