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lüll International Union of Pharmacology LX Retinoic acid receptors Germain P; Chambon P; Eichele G; Evans RM; Lazar MA; Leid M; De Lera AR; Lotan R; Mangelsdorf DJ; Gronemeyer HPharmacol Rev 2006[Dec]; 58 (4): 712-25Retinoid is a term for compounds that bind to and activate retinoic acid receptors (RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma), members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The most important endogenous retinoid is all-trans-retinoic acid. Retinoids regulate a wide variety of essential biological processes, such as vertebrate embryonic morphogenesis and organogenesis, cell growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis, and homeostasis, as well as their disorders. This review summarizes the considerable amount of knowledge generated on these receptors.|Animals[MESH]|Binding, Competitive[MESH]|Gene Expression[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mutation[MESH]|Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/prevention & control[MESH]|Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Retinoids/*metabolism/therapeutic use[MESH]|Skin Diseases/genetics/metabolism/prevention & control[MESH]|Tretinoin/physiology/therapeutic use[MESH] |