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Cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacterial components: a review Buckley JM; Wang JH; Redmond HPJ Leukoc Biol 2006[Oct]; 80 (4): 731-41LPS tolerance has been the focus of extensive scientific and clinical research over the last several decades in an attempt to elucidate the sequence of changes that occur at a molecular level in tolerized cells. Tolerance to components of gram-positive bacterial cell walls such as bacterial lipoprotein and lipoteichoic acid is a much lesser studied, although equally important, phenomenon. This review will focus on cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacterial components and examines the alterations in cell surface receptor expression, changes in intracellular signaling, gene expression and cytokine production, and the phenomenon of cross-tolerance.|Animals[MESH]|Cytokines/biosynthesis/drug effects[MESH]|Gram-Positive Bacteria/*immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immune Tolerance/immunology[MESH]|Lipopolysaccharides/immunology/*pharmacology[MESH]|Lipoproteins/*pharmacology[MESH]|Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis/*drug effects/immunology[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*drug effects/immunology[MESH]|Teichoic Acids/*pharmacology[MESH] |
