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Endoplasmic reticulum: a metabolic compartment Csala M; Banhegyi G; Benedetti AFEBS Lett 2006[Apr]; 580 (9): 2160-5Several biochemical reactions and processes of cell biology are compartmentalized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The view that the ER membrane is basically a scaffold for ER proteins, which is permeable to small molecules, is inconsistent with recent findings. The luminal micro-environment is characteristically different from the cytosol; its protein and glutathione thiols are remarkably more oxidized, and it contains a separate pyridine nucleotide pool. The substrate specificity and activity of certain luminal enzymes are dependent on selective transport of possible substrates and co-factors from the cytosol. Abundant biochemical, pharmacological, clinical and genetic data indicate that the barrier function of the lipid bilayer and specific transport activities in the membrane make the ER a separate metabolic compartment.|Animals[MESH]|Biological Transport/physiology[MESH]|Cytosol/*metabolism[MESH]|Endoplasmic Reticulum/*enzymology/genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Intracellular Membranes/*metabolism[MESH]|Membrane Proteins/genetics/*metabolism[MESH] |
