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lüll Biochemical markers of acute pancreatitis Matull WR; Pereira SP; O'Donohue JWJ Clin Pathol 2006[Apr]; 59 (4): 340-4Serum amylase remains the most commonly used biochemical marker for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, but its sensitivity can be reduced by late presentation, hypertriglyceridaemia, and chronic alcoholism. Urinary trypsinogen-2 is convenient, of comparable diagnostic accuracy, and provides greater (99%) negative predictive value. Early prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis can be made by well validated scoring systems at 48 hours, but the novel serum markers procalcitonin and interleukin 6 allow earlier prediction (12 to 24 hours after admission). Serum alanine transaminase >150 IU/l and jaundice suggest a gallstone aetiology, requiring endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. For obscure aetiologies, serum calcium and triglycerides should be measured. Genetic polymorphisms may play an important role in "idiopathic" acute recurrent pancreatitis.|Acute Disease[MESH]|Alanine Transaminase/blood[MESH]|Amylases/blood[MESH]|Biomarkers/blood/urine[MESH]|Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide[MESH]|Calcitonin/blood[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interleukin-6/blood[MESH]|Isoenzymes/urine[MESH]|Lipase/blood[MESH]|Pancreatitis/blood/*diagnosis/urine[MESH]|Protein Precursors/blood[MESH]|Sensitivity and Specificity[MESH]|Time Factors[MESH]|Trypsinogen/urine[MESH] |