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lüll The long pentraxin PTX3 as a link among innate immunity, inflammation, and female fertility Bottazzi B; Bastone A; Doni A; Garlanda C; Valentino S; Deban L; Maina V; Cotena A; Moalli F; Vago L; Salustri A; Romani L; Mantovani AJ Leukoc Biol 2006[May]; 79 (5): 909-12The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is member of a complex superfamily of multifunctional proteins characterized by a cyclic multimeric structure. PTX3 is highly conserved in evolution and is produced by innate-immunity cells in response to proinflammatory signals and Toll-like receptor engagement. PTX3 plays complex, nonredundant functions in vivo, acting as a predecessor of antibodies, recognizing microbes, activating complement, facilitating pathogen recognition by phagocytes, and hence, playing a nonredundant role in resistance against selected pathogens. In addition, PTX3 is essential in female fertility by acting as a nodal point for the assembly of the cumulus oophorus hyaluronan-rich extracellular matrix. Thus, the prototypic long pentraxin PTX3 is a multifunctional, soluble pattern recognition receptor acting as a nonredundant component of the humoral arm of innate immunity and involved in matrix deposition and female fertility.|Animals[MESH]|Biomarkers/blood[MESH]|C-Reactive Protein/*immunology[MESH]|Cardiovascular Diseases/immunology[MESH]|Evolution, Molecular[MESH]|Extracellular Matrix/immunology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Fertility/*immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunity, Innate/*immunology[MESH]|Inflammation/*immunology[MESH]|Ovarian Follicle/*immunology[MESH]|Serum Amyloid P-Component/*immunology[MESH] |