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The hypoxia-inducible-factor hydroxylases bring fresh air into hypoxia signalling Berra E; Ginouves A; Pouyssegur JEMBO Rep 2006[Jan]; 7 (1): 41-5Metazoans rapidly respond to changes in oxygen availability by regulating gene expression. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible-factor (HIF), which controls the expression of several genes, 'senses' the oxygen concentration indirectly through the hydroxylation of two proline residues that earmarks the HIF-alpha subunits for proteasomal degradation. We review the expression, regulation and function of the HIF prolyl hydroxylases or prolyl hydroxylases domain proteins, which are genuine oxygen sensors.|*Hypoxia[MESH]|Alternative Splicing[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Gene Expression Regulation[MESH]|Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/*metabolism[MESH]|Oxygen/metabolism[MESH]|Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*physiology[MESH]|Substrate Specificity[MESH]|Tissue Distribution[MESH] |
