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lüll Physiological relevance of the endogenous mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation of cellular proteins Di Girolamo M; Dani N; Stilla A; Corda DFEBS J 2005[Sep]; 272 (18): 4565-75The mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction is a post-translational modification that is catalysed by both bacterial toxins and eukaryotic enzymes, and that results in the transfer of ADP-ribose from betaNAD+ to various acceptor proteins. In mammals, both intracellular and extracellular reactions have been described; the latter are due to glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored or secreted enzymes that are able to modify their targets, which include the purinergic receptor P2X7, the defensins and the integrins. Intracellular mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation modifies proteins that have roles in cell signalling and metabolism, such as the chaperone GRP78/BiP, the beta-subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins and glutamate dehydrogenase. The molecular identification of the intracellular enzymes, however, is still missing. A better molecular understanding of this reaction will help in the full definition of its role in cell physiology and pathology.|*Protein Processing, Post-Translational[MESH]|ADP Ribose Transferases/chemistry/*metabolism/physiology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Proteins/*metabolism[MESH]|Signal Transduction[MESH]|Substrate Specificity[MESH] |