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lüll Antimicrobial peptides in the oral environment: expression and function in health and disease Dale BA; Fredericks LPCurr Issues Mol Biol 2005[Jul]; 7 (2): 119-33The oral cavity is a unique environment in which antimicrobial peptides play a key role in maintaining health and may have future therapeutic applications. Present evidence suggests that alpha-defensins, beta-defensins, LL-37, histatin, and other antimicrobial peptides and proteins have distinct but overlapping roles in maintaining oral health and preventing bacterial, fungal, and viral adherence and infection. The expression of the inducible hBD-2 in normal oral epithelium, in contrast to other epithelia, and the apparent differential signaling in response to commensal and pathogenic organisms, provides new insights into innate immunity in this body site. Commensal bacteria are excellent inducers of hBD-2 in oral epithelial cells, suggesting that the commensal bacterial community acts in a manner to benefit the overall innate immune readiness of oral epithelia. This may have major significance for understanding host defense in the complex oral environment.|Animals[MESH]|Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/genetics/*metabolism/physiology[MESH]|Epithelium/immunology/metabolism/microbiology[MESH]|Gingiva/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Immunity, Innate[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mouth Mucosa/immunology/*metabolism/microbiology[MESH] |