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Events at the host-microbial interface of the gastrointestinal tract V Paneth cell alpha-defensins in intestinal host defense Bevins CLAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2005[Aug]; 289 (2): G173-6Host defense of the small intestine is mediated, in part, by antimicrobial peptides, including alpha-defensins. In the small intestine, Paneth cells, specialized secretory epithelial cells located at the base of the crypt invaginations lining the intestinal wall, produce alpha-defensins. The alpha-defensins are cysteine-rich cationic peptides with antibiotic activity against a wide range of bacteria and other microbes. Studies of transgenic and knockout mice have supported a pivotal role of Paneth cell alpha-defensins in protection from bacterial pathogens. New data suggest that deficient expression of Paneth cell alpha-defensins may contribute to the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease.|Animals[MESH]|Crohn Disease/*immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunity, Innate/immunology[MESH]|Intestine, Small/*immunology/*microbiology[MESH]|Paneth Cells/*immunology[MESH]|alpha-Defensins/*immunology[MESH] |
