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lüll Biosynthesis of flavocoenzymes Fischer M; Bacher ANat Prod Rep 2005[Jun]; 22 (3): 324-50The biosynthesis of one riboflavin molecule requires one molecule of GTP and two molecules of ribulose 5-phosphate. The imidazole ring of GTP is hydrolytically opened, yielding a 2,5-diaminopyrimidine that is converted to 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione by a sequence of deamination, side chain reduction, and dephosphorylation. Condensation of 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate obtained from ribulose 5-phosphate affords 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine. Dismutation of the lumazine derivative yields riboflavin and 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione, which is recycled in the biosynthetic pathway. The enzymes of the riboflavin pathway are potential targets for antibacterial agents.|Amino Acid Sequence[MESH]|Catalysis[MESH]|Coenzymes/*biosynthesis[MESH]|Molecular Sequence Data[MESH]|Molecular Structure[MESH]|Multienzyme Complexes/metabolism[MESH]|Protein Conformation[MESH]|Riboflavin Synthase/*metabolism[MESH]|Riboflavin/*biosynthesis[MESH] |