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lüll Biological functions of biotinylated histones Kothapalli N; Camporeale G; Kueh A; Chew YC; Oommen AM; Griffin JB; Zempleni JJ Nutr Biochem 2005[Jul]; 16 (7): 446-8Histones H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 are DNA-binding proteins that mediate the folding of DNA into chromatin. Various posttranslational modifications of histones regulate processes such as transcription, replication and repair of DNA. Recently, a novel posttranslational modification has been identified: covalent binding of the vitamin biotin to lysine residues in histones, mediated by biotinidase and holocarboxylase synthetase. Here we describe a novel peptide-based technique, which was used to identify eight distinct biotinylation sites in histones H2A, H3 and H4. Biotinylation site-specific antibodies were generated to investigate biological functions of histone biotinylation. Evidence was provided that biotinylation of histones plays a role in cell proliferation, gene silencing and cellular response to DNA damage.|Animals[MESH]|Biotin/metabolism[MESH]|Biotinylation[MESH]|Chromatin/chemistry/metabolism[MESH]|Enzymes/metabolism[MESH]|Histones/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH] |