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Immune response genes in the post-Q-fever fatigue syndrome, Q fever endocarditis and uncomplicated acute primary Q fever Helbig K; Harris R; Ayres J; Dunckley H; Lloyd A; Robson J; Marmion BPQJM 2005[Aug]; 98 (8): 565-74BACKGROUND: The influence of immune response gene variations on the development of chronic complications of Q fever is presently unclear. AIM: To compare the frequencies of allelic polymorphisms in immune response genes in different Q fever patient groups. DESIGN: Genetic association study. METHODS: We measured the frequencies of immune response gene variants in: (i) an expanded group of 31 post-Q-fever fatigue patients (QFS); (ii) 22 Q fever endocarditis patients (QFE); and (iii) 22 patients who made an uncomplicated recovery from their initial attack of primary acute Q fever, comparing them with various standard control panels from the general population. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the three Q fever groups. QFS patients differed from both QFE and uncomplicated patients and controls in the frequency of carriage of HLA-DRB1*11 and of the 2/2 genotype of the interferon-gamma intron1 microsatellite. Carriage of the HLA DRB1*11 allele was associated with reduced interferon-gamma and IL-2 responses from PBMC stimulated with ligand in short-term culture. QFE showed differences in the IL-10 promoter microsatellites R and G and had higher frequencies of the TNF-alpha receptor II 196R polymorphism. Q fever patients who had made an uncomplicated recovery differed from those with QFS or QFE, but were not significantly different in allelic frequencies to the control panels. DISCUSSION: These immunogenetic differences support the concept of different immune states in chronic Q fever, determined by genetic variations in host immune responses, rather than by solely properties of Coxiella burnetii.|Coxiella burnetii[MESH]|Endocarditis, Bacterial/*genetics[MESH]|Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/*genetics[MESH]|Gene Frequency/genetics[MESH]|Genetic Variation[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interferon-gamma/genetics[MESH]|Polymorphism, Genetic[MESH]|Q Fever/complications/*genetics[MESH]|Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/genetics[MESH] |
