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lüll The role of the T cell in autoimmune inflammation Skapenko A; Leipe J; Lipsky PE; Schulze-Koops HArthritis Res Ther 2005[]; 7 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2): S4-14T cells, in particular CD4+ T cells, have been implicated in mediating many aspects of autoimmune inflammation. However, current evidence suggests that the role played by CD4+ T cells in the development of rheumatoid inflammation exceeds that of activated proinflammatory T-helper (Th)1 effector cells that drive the chronic autoimmune response. Subsets of CD4+ T cells with regulatory capacity, such as CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th2 cells, have been identified, and recent observations suggest that in rheumatoid arthritis the function of these regulatory T cells is severely impaired. Thus, in rheumatoid arthritis, defective regulatory mechanisms might allow the breakdown of peripheral tolerance, after which the detrimental Th1-driven immune response evolves and proceeds to chronic inflammation. Here, we review the functional abnormalities and the contribution of different T cell subsets to rheumatoid inflammation.|Abatacept[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use[MESH]|Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use[MESH]|Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology/therapy[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology/therapy[MESH]|Bystander Effect[MESH]|CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology[MESH]|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunoconjugates/therapeutic use[MESH]|Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use[MESH]|Inflammation/*immunology/therapy[MESH]|Lymphokines/physiology[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Transgenic[MESH]|Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis[MESH]|T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH]|Th1 Cells/immunology[MESH]|Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors[MESH] |