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Structure and function of beta3-adrenergic receptors Skeberdis VAMedicina (Kaunas) 2004[]; 40 (5): 407-13Beta-adrenergic receptors have been subdivided into three types: beta1-, beta2- and beta3-adrenergic receptors. beta1-adrenergic receptors are predominant in the heart, beta2-adrenergic receptors--in the respiratory system, and beta3-adrenergic receptors--in the adipose tissues. However, since 1989, when beta3-adrenergic receptor was cloned, numerous biochemical and functional studies have confirmed its presence in various species and tissues, including the heart. Unlike beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors, it has been shown that beta3-adrenergic receptors possess the cardiodepressant effects in human ventricles, what did not fit to its stimulatory properties of adenylyl cyclase in other tissues. In this regard, the role of beta3-adrenergic receptors in the regulation of cardiac function may be of great importance in pathological conditions and remains undetermined, so far. In this review brief characterization of beta3-adrenergic receptors, concerning their structure, function and possible pathophysiological role is provided.|*Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena[MESH]|Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism/physiology[MESH]|Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists[MESH]|Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Antagonists[MESH]|Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Atrial Function/physiology[MESH]|CHO Cells[MESH]|Cattle[MESH]|Cricetinae[MESH]|Cricetulus[MESH]|Enzyme Activation[MESH]|Haplorhini[MESH]|Heart Atria/chemistry/metabolism[MESH]|Heart Failure/physiopathology[MESH]|Heart Ventricles/chemistry/metabolism[MESH]|Heart/*physiology/physiopathology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Ligands[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Knockout[MESH]|Myocardial Contraction[MESH]|Myocardium/*chemistry[MESH]|RNA, Messenger/analysis[MESH]|Rats[MESH]|Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics/physiology[MESH]|Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3/drug effects/genetics/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Ventricular Function[MESH] |
