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lüll Molecular biology and clinical implication of hepatitis C virus Lyra AC; Fan X; Di Bisceglie AMBraz J Med Biol Res 2004[May]; 37 (5): 691-5Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was first described in 1989 as the putative viral agent of non-A non-B hepatitis. It is a member of the Flaviviridae family and has been recognized as the major causative agent of chronic liver disease, including chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is a positive RNA virus with a genome containing approximately 9500 nucleotides. It has an open reading frame that encodes a large polyprotein of about 3000 amino acids and is characterized by extensive genetic diversity. HCV has been classified into at least 6 major genotypes with many subtypes and circulates within an infected individual as a number of closely related but distinct variants known as quasispecies. This article reviews aspects of the molecular biology of HCV and their clinical implication.|*Molecular Biology[MESH]|3' Untranslated Regions/genetics[MESH]|Genetic Variation[MESH]|Genome, Viral[MESH]|Genotype[MESH]|Hepacivirus/*genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics[MESH]|Viral Structural Proteins/genetics[MESH] |