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lüll The non-classical export routes: FGF1 and IL-1alpha point the way Prudovsky I; Mandinova A; Soldi R; Bagala C; Graziani I; Landriscina M; Tarantini F; Duarte M; Bellum S; Doherty H; Maciag TJ Cell Sci 2003[Dec]; 116 (Pt 24): 4871-81Non-classical protein release independent of the ER-Golgi pathway has been reported for an increasing number of proteins lacking an N-terminal signal sequence. The export of FGF1 and IL-1alpha, two pro-angiogenic polypeptides, provides two such examples. In both cases, export is based on the Cu2+-dependent formation of multiprotein complexes containing the S100A13 protein and might involve translocation of the protein across the membrane as a 'molten globule'. FGF1 and IL-1alpha are involved in pathological processes such as restenosis and tumor formation. Inhibition of their export by Cu2+ chelators is thus an effective strategy for treatment of several diseases.|Animals[MESH]|Cell Hypoxia/physiology[MESH]|Cell Membrane/metabolism[MESH]|Copper/metabolism[MESH]|Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism[MESH]|Fibroblast Growth Factor 1/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interleukin-1/*metabolism[MESH]|Membrane Fluidity/physiology[MESH]|Models, Structural[MESH]|Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism[MESH]|Protein Sorting Signals/*physiology[MESH]|Protein Transport[MESH]|S100 Proteins[MESH] |