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lüll Cellular prion protein function in copper homeostasis and redox signalling at the synapse Vassallo N; Herms JJ Neurochem 2003[Aug]; 86 (3): 538-44The fundamental physiological function of native cellular prion (PrPC) remains unknown. Herein, the most salient observations as regards prion physiology are critically evaluated. These include: (i) the role of PrPC in copper homeostasis, particularly at the pre-synaptic membrane; (ii) involvement of PrPC in neuronal calcium disturbances; and (iii) the neuroprotective properties of PrPC in response to copper and oxidative stress. Ultimately, a tentative hypothesis of basic prion function is derived, namely that PrPC acts as a sensor for copper and/or free radical stimuli, thereby triggering intracellular calcium signals that finally translate into modulation of synaptic transmission and maintenance of neuronal integrity.|Animals[MESH]|Calcium/metabolism[MESH]|Copper/*metabolism[MESH]|Homeostasis/*physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Oxidation-Reduction[MESH]|PrPC Proteins/*physiology[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*physiology[MESH]|Synapses/metabolism/*physiology[MESH] |