Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: an update on transforming growth factor beta signaling in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis van den Driesche S; Mummery CL; Westermann CJCardiovasc Res 2003[Apr]; 58 (1): 20-31Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a vascular disorder in humans which has been mapped to two genes, endoglin and activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK-1) both of which mediate signaling by transforming growth factor beta ligands in vascular endothelial cells. Animal models have shown that these receptors are not only important for maintaining vascular integrity but also for angiogenesis both during embryonic development and during tumor growth. Here, we review the current status of reported mutations in the context of the clinical manifestations and the effects on the vessel wall both in patients and in animal models of the disease.|*Neovascularization, Pathologic[MESH]|Activin Receptors, Type I/genetics[MESH]|Activin Receptors, Type II[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Antigens, CD[MESH]|Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12[MESH]|Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9[MESH]|Endoglin[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Mutant Strains[MESH]|Mutation[MESH]|Receptors, Cell Surface[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*physiology[MESH]|Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/complications/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Transforming Growth Factor beta/*metabolism[MESH]|Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics[MESH]|Zebrafish[MESH] |