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lüll Herpes simplex virus resistance to acyclovir and penciclovir after two decades of antiviral therapy Bacon TH; Levin MJ; Leary JJ; Sarisky RT; Sutton DClin Microbiol Rev 2003[Jan]; 16 (1): 114-28Acyclovir, penciclovir, and their prodrugs have been widely used during the past two decades for the treatment of herpesvirus infections. In spite of the distribution of over 2.3 x 10(6) kg of these nucleoside analogues, the prevalence of acyclovir resistance in herpes simplex virus isolates from immunocompetent hosts has remained stable at approximately 0.3%. In immuncompromised patients, in whom the risk for developing resistance is much greater, the prevalence of resistant virus has also remained stable but at a higher level, typically 4 to 7%. These observations are examined in the light of characteristics of the virus, the drugs, and host factors.|*Drug Resistance, Viral[MESH]|*Simplexvirus/drug effects[MESH]|Acyclovir/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Antiviral Agents/chemistry/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Guanine[MESH]|Herpes Simplex/*drug therapy/*epidemiology/physiopathology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Microbial Sensitivity Tests[MESH] |