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lüll Functional and morphological changes in the hippocampal neuronal circuits associated with epileptic seizures Maru E; Kanda M; Ashida HEpilepsia 2002[]; 43 Suppl 9 (ä): 44-9PURPOSE: We review what is currently known about functional and morphologic plasticity of hippocampal neuronal circuits in animal epilepsy models. RESULTS: Perforant-path kindling has been shown to enhance excitatory synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus significantly, and this enhancement has lasted for > or =1 month after kindling. However, in our rapid kindling experiment with an interstimulus interval of 5 min, perforant-path kindling resulted in behavioral convulsions and prolonged the afterdischarge duration, but dentate synaptic transmission remained depressed during kindling. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that kindling-induced synaptic potentiation is not necessary for kindling development. Conversely, epileptic seizures have led to the anomalous sprouting of mossy fibers, a process thought to induce hyperexcitation of granule cells. We conclude that the sprouting of mossy fibers did not play a critical role in kindling, because we observed no significant correlation between the mossy fiber sprouting and kindling development. Epileptic seizures also have been shown to increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor-mediated inhibition during interictal periods. Although this strengthening of GABAergic inhibition is likely to be a defensive measure against seizure initiation, some studies have suggested that another type of GABAergic response facilitates seizure activity. The possibility of GABAA receptor-mediated excitation during ictal periods is theoretically examined.|Animals[MESH]|Dentate Gyrus/cytology/pathology/physiology[MESH]|Disease Models, Animal[MESH]|Electrophysiology[MESH]|Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology[MESH]|Hippocampus/*pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Kindling, Neurologic/*physiology[MESH]|Long-Term Potentiation[MESH]|Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal/*physiology[MESH]|Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology[MESH]|Rats[MESH]|Receptors, GABA-A/physiology[MESH]|Regression Analysis[MESH]|Seizures/pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Synaptic Transmission/physiology[MESH]|Time Factors[MESH]|gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology[MESH] |