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lüll Chemical exposure during pregnancy and oral clefts in newborns Leite IC; Paumgartten FJ; Koifman SCad Saude Publica 2002[Jan]; 18 (1): 17-31This article presents a literature review on the risk factors for oral clefts (lip and/or palate), emphasizing discussion of maternal exposure to endocrine disruptors. Several studies have identified the risk of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, use of anticonvulsant drugs, and exposure to organic solvents. A protective effect has been shown for supplementation with folic acid. As with other chemicals, the risk associated with exposure to sex hormones is still obscure, although some authors describe a moderate risk level. New studies addressing this hypothesis need to be conducted, while the population exposed to these endocrine disrupters is increasing.|Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects[MESH]|Cleft Lip/*chemically induced[MESH]|Cleft Palate/*chemically induced[MESH]|Environmental Exposure/adverse effects[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Gonadal Steroid Hormones/adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Infant, Newborn[MESH]|Occupational Exposure/adverse effects[MESH]|Pregnancy[MESH]|Risk Factors[MESH]|Smoking/adverse effects[MESH] |