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Roles of nodal-lefty regulatory loops in embryonic patterning of vertebrates Juan H; Hamada HGenes Cells 2001[Nov]; 6 (11): 923-30Nodal is a signalling molecule that belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins, and Lefty proteins are antagonists of Nodal signalling. The nodal and lefty genes form positive and negative regulatory loops that resemble the reaction-diffusion system. As a pair, these genes control various events of vertebrate embryonic patterning, including left-right specification and mesoderm formation. In this review, we will focus on recent studies that have addressed the roles of nodal and lefty in mouse development.|Animals[MESH]|Body Patterning/*physiology[MESH]|Gene Expression Regulation/genetics[MESH]|Left-Right Determination Factors[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Nodal Protein[MESH]|Signal Transduction[MESH]|Transcription, Genetic/genetics[MESH]|Transforming Growth Factor beta/*genetics[MESH]|Vertebrates/*embryology[MESH] |
