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PML protein isoforms and the RBCC/TRIM motif Jensen K; Shiels C; Freemont PSOncogene 2001[Oct]; 20 (49): 7223-33PML is a component of a multiprotein complex, termed nuclear bodies, and the PML protein was originally discovered in patients suffering from acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). APL is associated with a reciprocal chromosomal translocation of chromosomes 15 and 17, which results in a fusion protein comprising PML and the retinoic acid receptor alpha. The PML genomic locus is approximately 35 kb and is subdivided into nine exons. A large number of alternative spliced transcripts are synthesized from the PML gene, resulting in a variety of PML proteins ranging in molecular weight from 48-97 kDa. In this review we summarize the data on the known PML isoforms and splice variants and present a new unifying nomenclature. Although, the function/s of the PML variants are unclear, all PML isoforms contain an identical N-terminal region, suggesting that these sequences are indispensable for function, but differ in their C-terminal sequences. The N-terminal region harbours a RING-finger, two B-boxes and a predicted alpha-helical Coiled-Coil domain, that together form the RBCC/TRIM motif found in a large family of proteins. In PML this motif is essential for PML nuclear body formation in vivo and PML-homo and hetero interactions conferring growth suppressor, apoptotic and anti-viral activities. In APL oligomerization mediated by the RBCC/TRIM motif is essential for the transformation potential of the PML-RARalpha fusion protein.|*Microtubule Proteins[MESH]|Alternative Splicing[MESH]|Amino Acid Motifs/genetics[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics[MESH]|Ligases/genetics[MESH]|Neoplasm Proteins/*classification/*physiology[MESH]|Nuclear Proteins/genetics[MESH]|Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics[MESH]|Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein[MESH]|Protein Binding[MESH]|Protein Isoforms/classification/physiology[MESH]|Protein Structure, Tertiary/genetics[MESH]|Structure-Activity Relationship[MESH]|Terminology as Topic[MESH]|Transcription Factors/*classification/genetics/*physiology[MESH]|Tripartite Motif Proteins[MESH]|Tumor Suppressor Proteins[MESH]|Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases[MESH] |
