Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Analysis of macrophage activation in African trypanosomiasis Paulnock DM; Coller SPJ Leukoc Biol 2001[May]; 69 (5): 685-90African trypanosomes cause a fatal disease of man and animals that is characterized by extensive functional, histological, and pathological changes in the lymphoid tissues of infected hosts, including an increase in the numbers and activation state of macrophages. Macrophage activation during infection is the result of exposure of these cells to parasite components and host-derived IFN-gamma, produced in response to parasite antigens. The balance of these different activation signals may determine the outcome of infection. In the experiments described here, we assessed the ability of the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of the organism Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b. rhodesiense) to activate macrophages directly. Our results demonstrate that macrophages bind and are activated by the VSG molecule. The resulting profile of activation differs from that stimulated by IFN-gamma. These results suggest that the interaction of host macrophages with VSG released during parasite infection may be a key component of trypanosomiasis.|Animals[MESH]|Cell Line[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Glycosylphosphatidylinositols/blood/immunology[MESH]|Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interleukin-12/genetics[MESH]|Interleukin-6/genetics[MESH]|Macrophage Activation/*immunology[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Inbred C57BL[MESH]|Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II[MESH]|Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics[MESH]|Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense/*immunology[MESH]|Trypanosomiasis, African/blood/*immunology[MESH]|Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics[MESH]|Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma/blood/*immunology[MESH] |