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Signaling mechanisms mediating vascular protective actions of vascular endothelial growth factor Zachary IAm J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001[Jun]; 280 (6): C1375-86Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for angiogenesis in health and pathophysiology, and it is currently a major focus for drug targeting in the development of treatments for diverse human diseases. Recently, we proposed that VEGF could also play a role as a vascular protective factor in the adult vasculature and in disease. In this model, vascular protection is defined as a VEGF-induced enhancement of endothelial functions that mediate the inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, enhanced endothelial cell survival, suppression of thrombosis, and anti-inflammatory effects. A feature of this model is that protective effects of VEGF are essentially independent of angiogenesis or endothelial cell proliferation. VEGF-dependent cell survival and VEGF-induced synthesis of nitric oxide and prostacyclin are likely to be key mediators of a vascular protective effect. Vascular protection should help to improve insight into the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular actions of VEGF and prove valuable for developing novel therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular disease.|Animals[MESH]|Apoptosis/physiology[MESH]|Endothelial Growth Factors/*metabolism[MESH]|Endothelium, Vascular/cytology/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lymphokines/*metabolism[MESH]|Neovascularization, Physiologic/*physiology[MESH]|Nitric Oxide/metabolism[MESH]|Signal Transduction/*physiology[MESH]|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A[MESH]|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors[MESH] |
