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lüll IL-12 as a therapeutic target for pharmacological modulation in immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases: regulation of T helper 1/T helper 2 responses Hasko G; Szabo CBr J Pharmacol 1999[Jul]; 127 (6): 1295-304Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a pivotal cytokine in driving the immune system towards a T helper (Th)1 type response and preventing a Th2 type immune profile. Therefore, IL-12 is indispensable in the defense against certain, mainly intracellular pathogens, but overproduction of this cytokine is crucially involved in the etiology of several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Hence, IL-12 is an ideal target for pharmacological intervention in the therapy of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The production of IL-12 and a resultant Th1 type immune response can be suppressed with several pharmacological approaches including modulation of intracellular cyclic AMP levels, glucocorticoids and nuclear factor-kappaB inhibition. IL-12 responsiveness may be inhibited using anti-IL-12 antibodies, soluble IL-12 receptors or the IL-12 p40 homodimer. Exploitation of these approaches may provide novel means for the experimental therapy of a variety of pathophysiological states.|Animals[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation/*drug therapy/metabolism[MESH]|Interleukin-12/*antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis[MESH]|Th1 Cells/drug effects/immunology[MESH]|Th2 Cells/drug effects/immunology[MESH] |