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lüll Invited commentary: propensity scores Joffe MM; Rosenbaum PRAm J Epidemiol 1999[Aug]; 150 (4): 327-33The propensity score is the conditional probability of exposure to a treatment given observed covariates. In a cohort study, matching or stratifying treated and control subjects on a single variable, the propensity score, tends to balance all of the observed covariates; however, unlike random assignment of treatments, the propensity score may not also balance unobserved covariates. The authors review the uses and limitations of propensity scores and provide a brief outline of associated statistical theory. They also present a new result of using propensity scores in case-cohort studies.|*Causality[MESH]|*Models, Statistical[MESH]|Case-Control Studies[MESH]|Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic[MESH]|Coronary Artery Bypass[MESH]|Coronary Disease/surgery/therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH] |