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lüll Inhibitor-resistant TEM beta-lactamases: phenotypic, genetic and biochemical characteristics Chaibi EB; Sirot D; Paul G; Labia RJ Antimicrob Chemother 1999[Apr]; 43 (4): 447-58Beta-lactamases represent the main mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The recent emergence of bacterial strains producing inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) enzymes could be related to the frequent use of beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam in hospitals and in general practice. The IRT beta-lactamases differ from the parental enzymes TEM-1 or TEM-2 by one, two or three amino acid substitutions at different locations. This paper reviews the phenotypic, genetic and biochemical characteristics of IRT beta-lactamases in an attempt to shed light on the pressures that have contributed to their emergence.|*beta-Lactamases/chemistry/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism/pharmacology[MESH]|Enzyme Inhibitors/metabolism/*pharmacology[MESH]|Escherichia coli/drug effects/enzymology[MESH]|beta-Lactam Resistance[MESH]|beta-Lactamase Inhibitors[MESH]|beta-Lactams[MESH] |