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lüll Development of pancreatic islets (review) Yamaoka T; Itakura MInt J Mol Med 1999[Mar]; 3 (3): 247-61Recent studies have revealed that islet cells differentiate from the epithelial cells of primitive pancreatic ducts during embryogenesis, and can regenerate in response to the loss of islet cells even in adult pancreas. The ability of islet cells to regenerate raises the possibility that impaired and decreased islets of diabetic patients can be restored. In this review, factors regulating islet development including differentiation factors (Shh, activin, follistatin, and TGF alpha), transcriptional factors (PDX1, Isl1, Pax4, Pax6, Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, BETA2, and HNF), growth factors (the EGF family, HGF, IGF-I, IGF-II, Reg, INGAP, PDGF, FGF, VEGF, and NGF), hormones (insulin, the GH family, PTHrP, TRH, and gastrin), and cell adhesion molecules (N-CAM and cadherins) are described after a short introduction and an outline of pancreatic development.|Animals[MESH]|Cell Adhesion Molecules/physiology[MESH]|Cell Differentiation[MESH]|Cell Lineage[MESH]|Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental[MESH]|Growth Substances/physiology[MESH]|Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.2[MESH]|Homeodomain Proteins[MESH]|Hormones/physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Islets of Langerhans/cytology/*embryology/growth & development[MESH]|Nuclear Proteins[MESH]|Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins[MESH]|Transcription Factors/physiology[MESH] |